Return Experiences of Amhara Internally Displaced Persons in Ethiopia

Abstract

The displacement of ethnic Amharas in Oromia is linked with false historical narratives, ethnic federalism, and proliferation of non-state armed groups in the region. The situation intensified after 2018 when global attention focused on the reforms of the new prime minister and his Nobel Peace Prize. This article examines the experiences of Amhara Internally displaced persons (IDPs) who rejected and accepted the state-led return program implemented between February and May 2024. Data were collected from China Camp IDPs through interviews and focus group discussions in August 2024. Findings reveal that the return process was implemented under coercive conditions. Upon return, IDPs faced insecurity, lack of follow-up and support, and  significant gap between expectations and reality. These conditions exposed many returnees either re-displacement to previous shelters or to other peaceful regions. The study recommends return programs be implemented in accordance with the UN guiding principles on IDPs  and relevant legal frameworks.