The Causality Relationship Between Migration, Gender and Unemployment: Comparison of Regions According to Development Level in Turkey

Abstract

Migration refers to the movement of people from one part of the world to another. The concept of migration is not a static phenomenon, it is a concept that has dynamic effects on time and has complex features in terms of cause-effect relationships. Like many concepts in the field of social sciences, the concept of migration has a long history.While migration can be a way to contribute to economic expansion during periods of economic growth, it can have adverse effects on the labor market of host countries during periods of economic recession. On the other hand, the interaction of gender equality with many social and economic indicators such as development, economic growth and poverty has recently necessitated the examination of the relationship between migration and gender. The aim of this study is to investigate the causality relationship between internal migration movements and unemployment indicators at the regional level for the period of 2008-2020 in Turkey, taking into account the relationship between migration and unemployment level by gender. The findings revealed that there is a one-way causality relationship from migration variable to total unemployment, female unemployment and male unemployment in developed level 2 sub-regions. In additon, in the underdeveloped level 2 sub-regions, a one-way causality relationship was found the variables of total unemployment, female unemployment and male unemployment to the migration variable.